Version 1.0 · February 2026

AMSETS Whitepaper

Version 1.1 — February 2026

Abstract

AMSETS is a fully decentralized intellectual property rights ledger built on the Solana blockchain. It enables creators — filmmakers, musicians, educators, researchers, and other knowledge workers — to register original video works on-chain, set programmable access terms, and monetize their content directly, without intermediaries. Buyers receive SPL Token-2022 access tokens that grant streaming access via a decentralized video network. All core ownership data is stored immutably on Solana; previews and metadata live on IPFS; video content is streamed with JWT-gated access control. The backend database is a cache only — the blockchain is the single source of truth.

AMSETS solves three critical problems that existing platforms fail to address together: (1) the absence of on-chain, tamper-proof copyright registration accessible to individuals; (2) the centralized control of content distribution and revenue flows; and (3) the lack of programmable, trustless royalty enforcement on secondary sales.

1. Problem Statement

1.1 The Centralization Problem

Today's content economy runs on centralized platforms that act as gatekeepers: they store content, determine discoverability, set fee structures, and can demonetize or remove works at will. A creator who uploads to a streaming platform or marketplace owns nothing more than a row in that platform's database. When the platform shuts down or changes terms, the creator's monetization evaporates.

1.2 The Copyright Registration Gap

Formal copyright registration is expensive, slow, jurisdiction-dependent, and practically inaccessible to independent creators globally. Informal "poor man's copyright" methods (emailing yourself a file, posting on social media) provide no enforceable proof. There is no universally accessible, tamper-proof, timestamped registry that any creator can write to in seconds for a fraction of a cent.

1.3 The Royalty Enforcement Gap

Even when creators license work digitally, royalty enforcement on secondary transfers is purely contractual — it relies on buyers honoring terms. There is no technical mechanism that automatically routes royalty payments to the creator when a content access token is resold on a secondary market.

1.4 The Access Control Problem

Existing DRM systems are centralized, proprietary, and hostile to user privacy. They require trusting a third party to maintain the encryption key management infrastructure. When that service is compromised or discontinued, content becomes either permanently inaccessible or permanently exposed.

2. Solution

AMSETS addresses all four problems with a four-layer decentralized architecture:

LayerTechnologyWhat it stores
Layer 1 — OwnershipSolana (Anchor)ContentRecord PDA: hash, price, license, access mint
Layer 2 — Access ControlBackend JWT + SPL token checkSigned JWT issued only to token holders
Layer 3 — ContentDecentralized video networkTranscoded video streams with JWT access control
Layer 4 — PreviewsIPFSPreview images and metadata JSON (fast CDN delivery)

The backend API (Hono + PostgreSQL + Redis) is a cache layer only — it indexes and serves data from the chain but cannot alter ownership records, access conditions, or encrypted content.

3. Technical Architecture

3.1 Smart Contract — Solana / Anchor

The core registry is an Anchor program deployed on Solana. It manages the following on-chain state:

Content Record (Program Derived Account): Each registered work gets a unique on-chain account that stores:

On-chain operations:

The full program source code is open-source and verifiable on-chain. Security audits are planned before mainnet launch.

3.2 Token Standard — SPL Token-2022

Access tokens use the SPL Token-2022 standard (Token Extensions Program). The TransferFee extension is configured at mint creation with royalty_bps as the fee, routing automatic royalty payments to the author's fee account on every secondary transfer. This makes royalty enforcement fully trustless and on-chain — no marketplace cooperation required.

Each content item has exactly one SPL Token-2022 mint. The author always holds one token (proof of authorship). Buyers receive one token each, up to total_supply. Token holders can list their token for sale on the AMSETS marketplace; the TransferFee extension ensures the author receives royalties on every resale automatically.

3.3 Access Control

Video access is enforced through a two-layer mechanism:

  1. On-chain token check: The backend verifies that the requesting wallet holds a valid SPL Token-2022 access token by querying the purchase records and Solana token accounts.
  2. Signed JWT: Upon successful verification, the backend issues an ES256 JSON Web Token using a registered signing key. This JWT is passed to the video player, which forwards it to the CDN. The CDN refuses playback without a valid JWT that matches a registered key.

This architecture ensures that access rights are always rooted in on-chain ownership — the database cannot grant access independently of the blockchain state.

3.4 Content Storage

Video content is uploaded to a decentralized video streaming network. Each upload:

The playbackId on-chain is the canonical pointer to the content. The open network of transcoding nodes ensures no single point of failure in video delivery.

Content fingerprinting: The SHA-256 hash of the original file is computed client-side and stored on-chain in the ContentRecord, providing tamper-proof proof of existence at registration time.

3.5 Marketplace Indexing

The marketplace reads all on-chain content records from Solana using an enhanced RPC API. Data is deserialized, enriched with cached metadata, and served with short TTL caching (Redis). Webhooks trigger cache invalidation on every new blockchain transaction, keeping the marketplace view near-real-time.

The AMSETS backend is a cache layer only. The blockchain is the authoritative source — the marketplace could be rebuilt from on-chain data alone without any backend.

3.6 Privacy Mode

Creators can choose Private visibility at publication time. Private content:

3.7 Authentication

AMSETS supports two authentication paths:

  1. Web3Auth (email / phone / Google / Apple) — creates a Solana MPC wallet silently for Web2 users. No seed phrase required. The wallet is fully controlled by the user via their social login credentials.
  2. Wallet Adapter (Phantom, Solflare) — direct Solana wallet connection for Web3-native users.

In both cases, authentication to the backend API uses Ed25519 signature verification: the client signs a challenge message with their Solana private key; the backend verifies the signature and issues a short-lived JWT for session use.

4. Token Economics

4.1 Revenue Flow per Purchase

Buyer pays: P SOL
  → 97.5% (P × 0.975) → Author wallet
  →  2.5% (P × 0.025) → AMSETS FeeVault PDA

4.2 Royalties on Secondary Sales

When a buyer resells their access token, the SPL Token-2022 TransferFee extension automatically withholds royalty_bps / 100% (e.g., 10% if royalty_bps = 1000) and routes it to the author's designated fee account. AMSETS does not take a fee on secondary sales — 100% of royalties go directly to the original creator.

4.3 Protocol Fee

The 2.5% protocol fee accumulates in the FeeVault PDA on Solana. It funds:

4.4 Supply Model

Creators set total_supply at publication time (minimum 1, no maximum). The author always receives 1 token at no cost. The remaining total_supply - 1 tokens are available for purchase. Once all tokens are sold, available_supply reaches 0 and further purchases are rejected by the smart contract — creating digital scarcity enforced on-chain.

5. Team

Michael Patsan — Founder & CEO Entrepreneur and product strategist with experience building Web3 infrastructure products. Focused on bridging Web2 user experience with decentralized ownership models.

Artem Atepalikhin — Founder Full-stack engineer with deep experience in distributed systems, cryptography, and blockchain protocols. Architected the AMSETS smart contract and decentralized storage pipeline.

6. Roadmap

Phase 1 — MVP (Current)

Phase 2 — Q3 2026

Phase 3 — Q4 2026

Phase 4 — 2027

7. Security

8. Legal Disclaimer

AMSETS provides a technical infrastructure for on-chain content registration. It does not constitute legal copyright registration in any jurisdiction. AMSETS does not verify the originality of registered content and assumes no liability for copyright disputes between users. Users are solely responsible for ensuring they have the rights to register and monetize uploaded content. Access tokens are utility tokens representing a license to access specific digital content; they do not represent securities or investment instruments. This whitepaper is for informational purposes only and does not constitute financial, legal, or investment advice.

© 2026 AMSETS. All rights reserved.